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Monday, 20 May. 2024
 
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Disturbing news came out of the Gaza Strip on August 31 in which a 24-year old woman was pronounced dead in a Khan Younis hospital. As if this were not upsetting enough, the cause of death proved to be the worst part of it. Hala Mustapha Kaware was killed by her own father.

According to Palestinian media reports, Hala's father Mustapha, turned himself in to the Gaza City police station and confessed that he killed his daughter to "protect the family honor." Police later dug up Hala's body, her hands and feet bound, before taking her to hospital. Mustapha and his four sons were arrested for the crime.

Hala's story is unfortunately not an isolated incident in Palestinian society in particular and in the larger Arab context in general. These so-called "honor killings" have been going on for decades under the pretext that the male members of the family must protect their family's name from any shame, which is usually connected with the woman's perceived misuse of her sexuality.

Last year, dozens of women were killed in "honor's" name in both the West Bank and Gaza Strip, where conservative views and perceptions of what women's roles should be are even more stringent than in other areas. Anything outside this norm, particularly when women dare to break out of their traditional sexual roles, is considered shameful and a disgrace to the entire family.

So these men, usually the father, brothers, uncles and sometimes even distant cousins, take it upon themselves to "purge" their family honor of the degradation brought upon it by their wayward females. In one case last year, a married woman in the northern West Bank town of Qalqilya was shot to death by her cousins for allegedly having an affair. In Hebron, which is also predominantly conservative, one young woman was allegedly killed because she was not allowed to return to her ex-husband's home to see her baby daughter.

What only compounds the problem is the law the perpetrators fall back on. According to Palestinian law, depending on the extenuating circumstances, a male who kills his female relative in the name of restoring the family honor can receive a jail sentence of as little as six months. The best parallel to this in the West would be what are called "crimes of passion" which often receive a lighter sentence because they are not premeditated and carried out on impulse. Many say this encourages these men to take the law into their own hands given that the sentence is so light.

The overriding problem is the mentality behind such atrocities. The term "family honor" is extremely misleading in itself, given that one, it is connected to the female's perceived promiscuity, and two, that it is founded on a blatant double standard. No Palestinian man has ever been killed in the name of "family honor." On the contrary, if a man strays or exhibits unconventional sexual behavior in a society that dictates strict values where sex is concerned, he is often praised for being a 'stallion'. At best, he is told to settle down and if he is married, he is told to return to his family while his wife is advised to "show patience." In the case of women, these murders are often perpetrated on the mere suspicion that she is "unchaste."

This broad and flexible definition of what constitutes "family honor" allows for just as broad interpretations and hence justifications for the crime. First of all, it is extremely dangerous when any citizen takes the law into their own hands for whatever reason. In most cases, that is why the punishment for such crimes is so harsh, as a deterrent to those who may want to follow in the criminal's footsteps. In these cases, however, it is even more dangerous where our society is concerned. Women in Palestinian society already deal with varying levels of oppression in terms of traditional values and norms. Having this so-called family honor over their heads just adds to the oppression of these women and their submission to the males of their family out of fear for their lives.

This also means that what brings about "shame" on a family could be interpreted in any number of ways. If it were once a title reserved for women who were proven to be having an extramarital affair or pre-marital sex, it is now applied to the way women dress or where they go. If we as a civil society and as women who are aware of how dangerous this trend is do not step up to the plate, we can expect this mentality to only strengthen. Fortunately, the overwhelming majority of Palestinian society does not condone the killing of women in this fashion, but it is not enough. As long as there is a crack in the wall of resistance against it, there is room for it to expand and for more women to fall victim to this backward and tribal mentality that should have gone into extinction years ago.

There are several concerted efforts within Palestinian society to change this devastating phenomenon. Women's centers have installed hotlines for women in distress to call and shelters for women who take refuge in when they have no where else to go. At the legislative level, there are efforts to enforce harsher sentences on those who commit these crimes so that others will take notice and think twice before taking the lives of those they claim to love.

Still, one death is too many. Women should not be sentenced to death on suspicion of going against what males believe to be the preservation of family honor. If a crime is committed, a person should be held accountable. Only then should any kind of sentence be handed down after a fair trial and not by a woman's brother, father or uncle but by an authorized judicial body. Otherwise, we are looking at the ruin of an entire society, men and women alike.

 
 
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