نظمت المبادرة الفلسطينية لتعميق الحوار العالمي والديمقراطية "مفتاح"، اليوم الاثنين الموافق 26/3/2018، في مقر الحرم الجامعي القديم بجامعة النجاح الوطنية بنابلس مؤتمرا صحفيا، تم خلاله إعلان نتائج جلسات الحوار التي عقدتها "مفتاح" العام المنصرم وحتى الربع الأول من العام الجاري بمشاركة ممثلي الأحزاب والفصائل ومجالس الطلبة في الجامعات والاتحادات الشعبية في منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية، وناشطين عن مجموعات شبابية مستقلة، بغية التوصل إلى مجموعة من التوافقات حول أنجع السبل والإجراءات لضمان تمثيل النساء والشباب في أطر ودوائر المنظمة المختلفة واستعادة الأجسام الشبابية كمساحة للمشاركة الحقيقية للقيادات الفلسطينية الشابة.

وانطلاقا من أهمية إعادة تفعيل المنظمة كونها الممثل الشرعي والوحيد للشعب الفلسطيني بجميع مكوناته السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية في مختلف أماكن تواجده، فقد أفضت سلسلة الحوارات هذه إلى مجموعة من النتائج والتوافقات والإجراءات اللازمة لتنفيذها من قبل الأطراف المشاركة في العملية الحوارية، بهدف تفعيل الاتحاد العام لطلبة فلسطين، بالنظر إلى خصوصية هذا الاتحاد باعتباره الجسم التمثيلي الأشمل للشباب الفلسطيني والقناة الشرعية لتمثيلهم في مختلف مؤسسات وأطر منظمة التحرير.

وقد خلصت هذه الحوارات إلى ما يلي:

1. ضرورة قيام أعضاء الهيئة التنفيذية للاتحاد العام باعتبارهم القيادة المركزية للاتحاد في الوطن والخارج، بالتحضيرات المطلوبة واللازمة لعقد المؤتمر العام للاتحاد العام لطلبة فلسطين في أقرب وقت ممكن والتواصل مع الأطراف ذات العلاقة، والعمل على تجاوز العقبات والخلافات المعطلة لعقد المؤتمر والدفع باتجاه الإعلان عن موعد محدد لعقد المؤتمر العام.
2. تم التوافق على مجموعة من التعديلات المقترحة في دستور الاتحاد العام لطلبة فلسطين بما يضمن عدم المساس بالأهداف العامة للاتحاد العام باستثناء التعديل المتعلق باعتبار أن الاتحاد قاعدة من قواعد منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية، ونسبة التمثيل الطلابي بين الداخل والخارج واعتبار كل محافظة من محافظات الوطن فرع من فروع الاتحاد من خلال تمثيل الطلبة في الجامعات المنتشرة في محافظات الوطن.
   • الاتحاد العام لطلبة فلسطين الممثل الوحيد لكل الطلبة الفلسطينيين في الوطن وخارجة، وهو ذراع من أذرع منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية.
   • يتشكل فروع للاتحاد في كل محافظة من محافظات الوطن يوجد فيها مؤسسة تعليمية معتمدة أو أكثر، شريطة ألا يقل عدد الطلبة في المؤسسة التعليمية عن 500 طالب.
   • أي محافظة يقل فيها عدد الطلبة المنتسبين للمؤسسة التعليمية عن 500 طالب تتبع لأقرب محافظة لها جغرافياً.
   • التأكيد على أن لا يكون الطالب الفلسطيني منتمياً لأي تنظيم نقابي آخر وذلك بهدف الحفاظ على أن يكون الاتحاد العام للطلبة الفلسطينيين الجامعيين فقط بمختلف الدراجات العلمية (طلبة بكالوريوس، ماجستير، دكتوراه).
   • وضع الآليات لتنفيذ قرارات المجلس المركزي الخاص بتمثيل المرأة بنسبة لا تقل عن 30% في جميع مؤسسات الدولة وأجهزة منظمة التحرير، لضمان تمثيل الطالبات الفلسطينيات في الهيئات القيادية للاتحاد العام بمختلف مستوياتها ومنها الهيئة التنفيذية والمجلس الإداري والهيئات الإدارية للفروع والوحدات.
   • تحديد فترة رئاسة الهيئة التنفيذية للاتحاد بفترتين فقط حيث أن كل فترة تمتد لمدة ثلاث سنوات وذلك بحسب الفترة الزمنية التي حددها الدستور لعقد مؤتمر الاتحاد العام.
3. ضرورة تواصل الجهود الوطنية المبذولة والمتمثلة بالأطر الطلابية المختلفة للضغط على أعضاء اللجنة التنفيذية بضرورة تضمين التعديلات الواردة والمصادقة عليها لضمان تمثيل عادل للطلبة الفلسطينيين في جميع أماكن تواجدهم وفي اطر منظمة التحرير.

ولاحقاً لهذا المؤتمر، سيتم العمل على إعداد ورقة سياسات عامة تتويجاً لمجمل نتائج الحوارات التي عقدتها "مفتاح" متضمنة مجموعة التوافقات التي وردت في هذا البيان، وتسليمها لأعضاء اللجنة التنفيذية لمتابعة مسؤوليتها في هذا الملف، بهدف تكريس حق الشباب الفلسطيني في التمثيل ضمن النظام السياسي، وتفعيل دوره القيادي من خلال استعادة الأجسام الشبابية داخل منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية.

• The institutional relationship between the PA and the PLO
• The relationship between the political system and international organizations, with a focus on UNRWA as a case study

On November 20, 2024, the Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy (MIFTAH) held a hybrid-style open dialogue entitled “Challenges facing the Palestinian political system” at the Red Crescent Headquarters in Al Bireh. The conference shed light on the challenges facing the Palestinian political system and the escalating political and humanitarian situation after the 37th Israeli government under Benjamin Netanyahu took office at the end of 2022.

The conference brought together several experts, scholars, analysts and political and national figures, in addition to official institutions, diplomatic missions, NGOs, INGOs and university students. Its focus was on pressing issues within the Palestinian political system, especially in light of the genocide against the Palestinian people and its subsequent political repercussions.

MIFTAH’s objective was to hold a discussion on political courses of action and proposals that could help develop a joint Palestinian vision for confronting challenges to the internal Palestinian relationship between the PLO and PA and relationships with international organizations, including the inflammatory Israeli assault on UNRWA.

The conference’s interventions focused on two major points: the first session discussed the institutional relationship between the PA and PLO, while the second session focused on the political system’s relationship with international organizations, with UNRWA as a case study.

In her opening address, Dr. Hanan Ashrawi, Chair of MIFTAH’s Board of Directors, stated that the PA was created as one arm of the PLO and that the relationship between the PLO and PA must be clear and integral. She stressed how the PLO is the entity that shouldered the responsibility of protecting the Palestinian people’s rights and cemented their national identity. Ashrawi called for finding ways to revive the PLO and revitalize its institutions and to discipline the relationship between it and the PA in order to achieve its national goals. She maintained this should be far-removed from slogans but rather, focused on practical steps to galvanize its role in local and international arenas.

Dr. Azmi Shuaibi, member of MIFTAH’s BoD highlighted the historical roots of the problematic relationship between the PA and the PLO, tracing the political transformations since the Palestinian declaration of independence in 1988 to today. Shuaibi indicated that the PA was created by a decision from the PLO Executive Committee, but then branched off without a clear framework to determine the institutional relationship between the two parties. He maintained that the only solution lies in a reassessment of the shape and form of the PA and the reinforcement and independence of the PLO’s role.

Opening the session, MIFTAH Executive Director, Dr. Taheer Araj, said the procedures adopted by the current Israeli government fall within a clear plan to permanently eliminate the Palestinian cause. Araj ascertained that the Israeli occupation is very clear on its intentions to continue its genocide of the Palestinians to forcibly displace them, not only as a future step but one applicable in the near future.

The conference coincided with the ongoing escalation of Israeli violations against the Palestinian people, including increasing violence, settlement expansion and settler attacks in addition to the genocide on the Gaza Strip, which began on October, 2023. The Israeli government is also continuing to undermine the PA through attempts to destroy it financially and politically and by classifying PLO factions and Palestinian national movements as “terrorist” all of which threaten the stability of the Palestinian political system. The participants also discussed the ongoing Israeli assault on official and international Palestinian institutions, including UNRWA.

The final segment of the conference was a discussion of Palestinian options for facing these challenges, with a focus on the need to develop a joint Palestinian vision at the internal and international levels, to guide Palestinians in their struggle for freedom and independence and to end the genocide on occupied Palestinian land.

MIFTAH recently released 2021-2022 comparative actual spending reports for the social sector (health, education, higher education and scientific research, social development and labor), and for the first time, the security sector (Ministry of Interior and National Security). The reports were based on annual financial data released by the Ministry of Finance in Palestine for 2021-2022 and on an accrual basis.

The data showed that the Ministry of Interior and National Security had the highest percentage of actual spending in 2022, accounting for 22.8% of overall public expenditures, or ILS3.68 billion. This was a slight increase from the Ministry’s share in 2021. Meanwhile, actual spending on the education sector (Ministry of Education, Higher Education and Scientific Research) stood at 21.5% of overall public expenditures, or ILS3.48 billion. This was also an increase from the education sector’s share in 2021, which was 20.6% of public expenditures.

Moreover, actual spending on the Ministry of Health also increased in 2022, comprising 15% of overall public expenditures, at a sum of ILS2.4 billion. This was higher than in 2021, where its share was 14.4%. As for the Ministry of Social Development, actual spending was still low, amounting for 6.2% of overall public expenditures in 2022, compared to 5.8% in 2021. The Ministry of Social Development’s actual spending in 2022 was approximately ILS1 billion. As for the labor sector, actual spending on this sector in 2022 was 0.31% of overall public expenditures, while in 2021 it was 0.28%. Actual spending on the labor sector in 2022 was ILS50.1 million.

Upon review of actual spending reports of the targeted ministries from a gender and social justice perspective, it is clear that actual spending on the Ministry of Social Development does not coincide with the scope of its responsibilities as the forerunner of the social sector in Palestine, including its programs for combatting poverty and the protection of poor and marginalized social sectors. Moreover, non-compliance to the disbursement of payments for poor families within the CTP continued according to estimates, whereby only two of four installments for 2022 were disbursed, one at minimum value. This adversely affected the financial security of the most underprivileged and marginalized sectors of society, in addition to the insufficient estimated budget and actual spending on the social protection program, in spite of its importance in providing protection and social services to battered women, children, special-needs persons and the elderly.

The data also pointed to the low percentage of women working in the security sector, which stood at 6% of the total number of workers in this sector, while they comprised 46% of the civil sector. This shows a gap in actual spending on the security sector from a gender perspective, given that the lion’s share of actual spending in 2022 was on salaries and wages. Hence, women only benefited very little from these allocations, which were nearly ILS2.9 billion in 2022.

The data also indicated that the development expenditures for the Ministry of Labor were only ILS4.5 million in 2022, even though planned development expenditures were ILS32 million, which is much higher. This casts a shadow on gender-related programs and projects, which were allotted sizeable budgets within development expenditures, such as creating sustainable opportunities as alternatives for Palestinian men and women working in settlements, for which ILS10 million were earmarked.

Even though there was an increase in actual spending in 2022 at the targeted ministries in general, this increase was mainly concentrated on salaries and wages. In spite of the importance of providing a decent life for employees, there is still a need to increase spending on development expenditures, since they are at the forefront of developing government services, including the nationalization and institutionalization of various social services.

Ramallah – 29/12/2022 – Within its efforts to promote democratic values and the peaceful transfer of power within the Palestinian government system, MIFTAH’s field advisory team completed over 100 town hall meetings in the second half of 2022. The meetings were held in coordination and cooperation with CSOs, LGUs and grassroots organizations and targeted women and youth in several West Bank and Gaza Strip districts. The objective of these meetings was to raise awareness among the electorate on the electoral system in Palestine and on civil society demands to increase women and youth participation in local and general elections as candidates and voters, on the premise that this boosts their presence in decision-making levels and involves them in public affairs.

The town hall meetings included several exchange visits between LGU members in the various districts. The women shared the experiences and challenges they faced after becoming council members. The meetings focused on the concept of citizenship within a broader definition of the various forms of political participation and the importance of involvement from youth and women in public life. They also pointed to the different forms of democracy and the main pillars of the democratic society Palestinians seek to create. The participants furthermore discussed the various forms of electoral systems and shed light on the gaps in electoral laws regarding the presence of women and youth.

The participants pointed to the importance of periodic legislative and presidential elections and the danger of the ongoing absence of the PLC on matters pertaining to civic peace. They also warned against the absence of oversight and accountability, maintaining that the defunct PLC has contributed to shrinking civic space and public freedoms and therefore, the ability or desire to become involved in political life, especially for women and youth. In most of the meetings, the participants also indicated that the absence of a regular democratic process in Palestine contributed to the overall exclusion of youth from participation and to the marginalization of the role of women in Palestinian political decision-making.

The town hall meetings stressed on the importance of pressing for legislative, presidential and local elections in all West Bank, Jerusalem and Gaza Strip districts. They also endorsed the demand for equality in electoral laws, starting with raising the women’s quota to a minimum of 30%, raising the candidacy age and lowering the threshold. They urged Palestinian factions to assume a key role in the process of inclusion for women and youth in the public sphere and to prevent the progression of tribalism in the democratic process. The attendees emphasized the importance of monitoring the performance of LGUs in their interaction with local communities and the consistency of their meetings. Finally, they said female council members must be given the opportunity to exercise their role in their respective councils as equals to their male counterparts.

MIFTAH holds town hall meetings on an annual basis as part of its awareness campaign on citizens’ rights and the promotion of the democratic approach for a peaceful transfer of power, in addition to the involvement of women and youth in elections as both candidates and voters. Each year, through these town hall meetings, MIFTAH aims to reach the widest possible segment of the electorate and the different social sectors in all parts of Palestine.